so… that 「如此…以致於…」的倒裝用法
so... that 意思為「如此…以致於…」，這是國中時期的必考文法之一，而我們在上一個章節也做了詳盡的說明。但是到了高中之後，so that 就不再像國中一樣單純了：它的倒裝句成了困惑許多高中生的文法難題。
so... that 與 such... that
首先，讓我們先用例句來複習上一個章節學過的句型：
Jenny got so sick that she lied in bed all day.
(Jenny 病得如此重以致她整天躺在床上。)
The day was so hot that we went swimming.
(天氣好熱，熱到我們去游泳了。)
(Jenny 病得如此重以致她整天躺在床上。)
The day was so hot that we went swimming.
(天氣好熱，熱到我們去游泳了。)
另外，我們也可以將第二個句子改寫成：
It was so hot a day that we went swimming.
就像上面所看到的，so 後面必須接著形容詞。當然，so... that... 的句型也可以改寫成 such... that...，但不同點在於，such 後面要接的是名詞片語，而非形容詞。例如，上面的例句便可以改寫成：
(O) It was such a hot day that we went swimming.
(X) It was such hot a day that we went swimming.
(X) It was such hot a day that we went swimming.
第二個句子是錯誤的，因為 such 之後需要加上的是名詞片語，然而在範例裡，such 後加上的是形容詞 hot。
so... that 中 be 動詞的倒裝
要將 so... that 改寫成倒裝句，我們只需要兩個簡單的步驟：第一，把 so + adj. 移到句首；第二，將主詞與 be 動詞調換。同樣地，要將 such... that 變成倒裝句，只要將 such + N 移到句首，並把主詞與 be 動詞調換即可。我們可以將其整理成：
So adj. + be + S. + that + S + V.
Such N. + be + S. + that+ S. + V.
Such N. + be + S. + that+ S. + V.
因此，這兩個例句：
It was so hot a day that we went swimming.
It was such a hot day that we went swimming.
It was such a hot day that we went swimming.
改寫成倒裝句後將會變成：
So hot a day was it that we went swimming.
Such a hot day was it that we went swimming.
Such a hot day was it that we went swimming.
接著，讓我們再看一組例句「天氣是如此的冷，以至於我忍不住地發抖」：
It is so cold that I can't help trembling.
= So cold is it that I can't help trembling.
= So cold is it that I can't help trembling.
It is such a cold day that I can't help trembling.
= Such a cold day is it that I can't help trembling.
= Such is the coldness that I can't help trembling.
= Such a cold day is it that I can't help trembling.
= Such is the coldness that I can't help trembling.
so... that 中一般動詞的倒裝
上面我們所講的都是 be 動詞的倒裝：It is so cold... 變成 So cold is it...。但是，如果今天我們所遇到的句子，所具有的不是 be 動詞而是一般動詞呢？此時，我們就得要將助動詞與動詞的順序改寫了。讓我們看看這個句子：
Jenny got so sick that she lied in bed all day.
要將其改成倒裝句，我們首先要將助動詞與動詞分開來寫，變成：
Jenny did get so sick that she lied in bed all day.
接著就是依循著將 so + adj. 移到句首的規則改寫，並且將助動詞與主詞、動詞間的順序改變，變成：
So sick did Jenny get that she lied in bed all day.
so... that 的倒裝與感嘆句的比較
學生們經常將 so... that 的倒裝句與 How... 與 What... 的 感嘆語氣 搞混。so 與 how 後同樣要接形容詞，such 與 what 後同樣要接名詞；而這四個句型同樣都表達著「很…」的強調與感嘆。那麼，它們間的差別在哪呢？
答案是：在於倒裝。so adj. 與 such Np. 放在句首時是它們倒裝句的型態；而 How adj. 與 What Np. 則是本來就放在句首，並沒有倒裝句型的問題。舉例來說：
So... that 的倒裝：
So beautiful is she that everyone loves her.
How...：
How beautiful she is!
So beautiful is she that everyone loves her.
How...：
How beautiful she is!
Such... that 的倒裝：
Such a beautiful girl is she that everyone loves her.
What...：
What a beautiful girl she is!
Such a beautiful girl is she that everyone loves her.
What...：
What a beautiful girl she is!
+1
感謝內容貢獻者
此篇文章由 1 位使用者共同編輯而成，並且由學呀的編輯團隊負責維護。點此查看編輯者名單。